Euro area
Euro area desk: EMU aggregate first; Germany, France, Italy, Ireland, United Kingdom and United States alongside.
−0.08 pp
As of 2025 | % of total employment
| Year | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 9.34% |
| 2024 | 9.42% |
| 2023 | 9.41% |
| 2022 | 9.51% |
| 2021 | 9.64% |
| 2020 | 9.96% |
| 2019 | 9.83% |
| 2018 | 9.94% |
| 2017 | 10.15% |
| 2016 | 10.39% |
| 2015 | 10.60% |
| 2014 | 10.78% |
| 2013 | 10.80% |
| 2012 | 10.85% |
| 2011 | 10.92% |
| 2010 | 10.99% |
| 2009 | 10.97% |
| 2008 | 10.94% |
| 2007 | 11.31% |
| 2006 | 11.64% |
| 2005 | 11.70% |
| 2004 | 11.85% |
| 2003 | 11.69% |
| 2002 | 11.72% |
Vulnerable employment (SL.EMP.VULN.ZS, modelled ILO estimate) is own-account and contributing-family workers as a share of employment. Latest: 9.34% in 2025.
These jobs usually lack formal contracts and social insurance. A high share is not the same as a low wage, but it is the usual companion of informal work. From 1991 to 2025 (35 years): latest 9.34% (2025), previous year 9.42% (2024); low 9.34% (2025), high 13.42% (1992).
Source: World Bank Open Data. Licence: CC BY 4.0 (terms).