New Zealand

New ZealandVulnerable employment

NZ desk: New Zealand first; Australia, United States, United Kingdom, euro area, Korea and Taiwan alongside.

12.57%

−0.14 pp

As of 2025 | % of total employment

Latest
12.57% 2025
Previous year
12.71% 2024
Min
12.57% 2025
Max
16.01% 1994
YearValue
202512.57%
202412.71%
202313.07%
202213.24%
202113.51%
202013.83%
201913.65%
201813.84%
201714.01%
201614.13%
201514.20%
201414.24%
201314.26%
201214.25%
201114.22%
201014.19%
200914.16%
200814.18%
200714.30%
200614.54%
200514.77%
200415.01%
200315.23%
200215.41%
#CountryVulnerable employmentChangeYear
126Korea, Rep.17.69%−0.16 pp2025138New Zealand12.57%−0.14 pp2025143United Kingdom11.53%−0.08 pp2025155Euro area9.34%−0.08 pp2025156Singapore9.30%−0.13 pp2025157Australia9.12%−0.06 pp2025182United States3.81%−0.04 pp2025

What vulnerable employment is

Vulnerable employment (SL.EMP.VULN.ZS, modelled ILO estimate) is own-account and contributing-family workers as a share of employment. Latest: 12.57% in 2025.

These jobs usually lack formal contracts and social insurance. A high share is not the same as a low wage, but it is the usual companion of informal work. From 1991 to 2025 (35 years): latest 12.57% (2025), previous year 12.71% (2024); low 12.57% (2025), high 16.01% (1994).

Source: World Bank Open Data. Licence: CC BY 4.0 (terms).