What vulnerable employment is
Vulnerable employment as a share of employment (SL.EMP.VULN.ZS, modelled ILO estimate). Ranked by each economy’s latest published year.
Source: World Bank Open Data. Licence: CC BY 4.0 (terms).
Vulnerable employment (% of employment)
Every published economy, ranked by the latest year. Click a country in the list or the chart legend to show or hide it. Country desks cover a smaller set.
| Year | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 90.22% |
| 2024 | 90.18% |
| 2023 | 90.11% |
| 2022 | 89.98% |
| 2021 | 89.99% |
| 2020 | 90.57% |
| 2019 | 90.06% |
| 2018 | 89.96% |
| 2017 | 90.11% |
| 2016 | 89.90% |
| 2015 | 89.76% |
| 2014 | 89.89% |
| 2013 | 90.06% |
| 2012 | 90.09% |
| 2011 | 90.26% |
| 2010 | 90.45% |
| 2009 | 90.75% |
| 2008 | 90.84% |
| 2007 | 91.12% |
| 2006 | 91.54% |
| 2005 | 92.11% |
| 2004 | 92.85% |
| 2003 | 93.65% |
| 2002 | 94.01% |
#CountryVulnerable employmentChangeYear
1Chad90.22%+0.05 pp2025
2Sierra Leone86.04%−0.24 pp2025
3Madagascar84.42%−0.20 pp2025
4Ethiopia84.15%−0.32 pp2025
5Niger83.73%−0.26 pp2025
6Mozambique83.68%−0.16 pp2025
7Burundi83.66%−0.06 pp2025
8Tanzania83.65%−0.21 pp2025
9Afghanistan81.77%+0.05 pp2025
10Congo, Dem. Rep.81.51%−0.27 pp2025
11Burkina Faso80.56%−0.24 pp2025
12South Sudan80.26%−0.26 pp2023
13Central African Republic79.42%−0.08 pp2025
14Guinea79.17%−0.30 pp2025
15Benin78.53%−0.39 pp2025
16Nepal76.98%−0.29 pp2025
17Liberia76.85%−0.28 pp2025
18Lao PDR76.38%−0.26 pp2025
19Haiti76.04%+0.05 pp2025
20Congo, Rep.75.89%−0.13 pp2025
21Mali75.76%−0.53 pp2025
22Togo75.03%−0.43 pp2025
23Guinea-Bissau74.94%−0.22 pp2025
24Uganda74.39%−0.18 pp2025
25India71.58%−0.48 pp2025
26Papua New Guinea71.16%−0.18 pp2025
27Zambia70.17%−0.34 pp2025
28Cote d'Ivoire69.43%−0.35 pp2025
29Bhutan69.03%−0.37 pp2025
30Solomon Islands68.65%−0.15 pp2025
31Zimbabwe68.21%−0.13 pp2025
32Cameroon67.56%−0.29 pp2025
33Nigeria66.48%−0.26 pp2025
34Angola66.27%+0.03 pp2025
35Kenya63.83%−0.14 pp2025
36Gambia, The63.51%−0.38 pp2025
37Senegal62.98%−0.35 pp2025
38Myanmar62.89%+0.01 pp2025
39Bolivia62.69%−0.24 pp2025
40Ghana59.96%−0.39 pp2025
41Malawi59.91%−0.06 pp2025
42Timor-Leste58.63%−0.17 pp2025
43Moldova58.62%+0.07 pp2025
44Vanuatu57.99%0.00 pp2025
45Bangladesh57.35%−0.39 pp2025
46Comoros56.84%−0.12 pp2025
47Korea, Dem. People's Rep.56.77%−0.07 pp2025
48Pakistan55.51%−0.21 pp2025
49Azerbaijan53.84%−0.19 pp2025
50Mauritania53.35%−0.27 pp2025
51Cambodia52.32%−0.27 pp2025
52Viet Nam51.40%−0.47 pp2025
53Ecuador50.12%−0.04 pp2025
54Indonesia49.96%−0.35 pp2025
55Thailand47.98%−0.16 pp2025
56Eritrea47.89%−0.20 pp2025
57Peru47.51%−0.38 pp2025
58Albania46.03%−0.33 pp2025
59Somalia, Fed. Rep.45.97%−0.07 pp2025
60Yemen, Rep.45.59%+0.07 pp2025
61Colombia42.96%−0.14 pp2025
62Georgia42.41%−0.51 pp2025
63Samoa41.64%−0.22 pp2025
64Sudan39.67%−0.42 pp2022
65Iran, Islamic Rep.39.52%−0.24 pp2025
66Rwanda39.36%−0.48 pp2025
67Sri Lanka39.24%−0.10 pp2025
68Nicaragua38.86%−0.22 pp2025
69Syrian Arab Republic38.86%+0.02 pp2025
70Mongolia38.37%−0.40 pp2025
71Dominican Republic37.99%−0.15 pp2025
72Panama37.87%−0.05 pp2025
73Venezuela, RB37.30%+0.13 pp2025
74Guatemala36.16%−0.21 pp2025
75Paraguay36.09%−0.35 pp2025
76Morocco35.54%−0.35 pp2025
77Sao Tome and Principe34.99%−0.09 pp2025
78Cabo Verde34.26%−0.42 pp2025
79Honduras33.87%−0.26 pp2025
80Tonga33.70%−0.25 pp2025
81Philippines33.62%−0.30 pp2025
82China33.40%−0.41 pp2025
83Uzbekistan33.32%−0.22 pp2025
84Armenia32.85%−0.63 pp2025
85Fiji32.79%−0.32 pp2025
86Lesotho32.64%−0.12 pp2025
87Jamaica31.56%−0.11 pp2025
88El Salvador30.82%−0.35 pp2025
89Djibouti30.29%−0.07 pp2025
90Namibia29.94%−0.30 pp2025
91Belize29.84%−0.15 pp2025
92Gabon29.81%−0.06 pp2025
93Kyrgyz Republic28.97%−0.52 pp2025
94Eswatini28.38%−0.22 pp2025
95Turkmenistan28.27%−0.13 pp2025
96Tajikistan27.98%−0.27 pp2025
97Iraq27.14%+0.07 pp2025
98Brazil26.08%−0.24 pp2025
99Botswana25.61%−0.06 pp2025
100Algeria25.56%−0.19 pp2025
101Guyana25.34%−0.48 pp2025
102Mexico25.31%−0.01 pp2025
103Kazakhstan24.79%−0.09 pp2025
104Uruguay24.37%−0.14 pp2025
105Egypt, Arab Rep.23.94%−0.13 pp2025
106Turkiye23.91%−0.31 pp2025
107Serbia23.89%−0.22 pp2025
108Costa Rica23.36%−0.24 pp2025
109Equatorial Guinea23.08%+0.23 pp2025
110Greece23.06%−0.29 pp2025
111Argentina22.27%−0.15 pp2025
112St. Lucia21.99%−0.12 pp2025
113St. Vincent and the Grenadines21.96%−0.22 pp2025
114Malaysia21.89%−0.13 pp2025
115Libya21.59%−0.44 pp2025
116Trinidad and Tobago21.25%+0.03 pp2025
117Chile20.93%−0.13 pp2025
118Lebanon19.39%−0.07 pp2023
119Cuba19.32%−0.06 pp2025
120Ukraine19.02%−0.32 pp2021
121Barbados18.80%−0.26 pp2025
122West Bank and Gaza18.38%−3.27 pp2022
123Suriname18.38%−0.29 pp2025
124Bosnia and Herzegovina18.11%−0.33 pp2025
125Tunisia17.94%−0.08 pp2025
126Korea, Rep.17.69%−0.16 pp2025127Maldives16.91%−0.30 pp2025
128Bahamas, The15.94%−0.02 pp2025
129Poland14.98%−0.12 pp2025
130Mauritius14.88%−0.40 pp2025
131French Polynesia14.78%−0.18 pp2025
132Italy14.35%−0.14 pp2025133Montenegro14.28%−0.41 pp2025
134New Caledonia14.16%+0.17 pp2025
135Czechia13.50%−0.13 pp2025
136Netherlands13.42%−0.05 pp2025
137Romania13.05%−0.20 pp2025
138New Zealand12.57%−0.14 pp2025139North Macedonia12.34%−0.24 pp2025
140Slovak Republic11.76%−0.08 pp2025
141Guam11.75%−0.14 pp2025
142South Africa11.66%−0.03 pp2025143United Kingdom11.53%−0.08 pp2025144Belgium11.04%−0.11 pp2025
145Slovenia10.61%−0.16 pp2025
146Lithuania10.36%−0.19 pp2025
147Puerto Rico (US)10.31%−0.03 pp2025
148Spain10.07%−0.19 pp2025
149Malta10.07%−0.19 pp2025
150Portugal9.66%−0.12 pp2025
151Ireland9.64%−0.08 pp2025152Switzerland9.60%0.00 pp2025
153Canada9.56%−0.07 pp2025154Finland9.46%0.00 pp2025
155Euro area9.34%−0.08 pp2025156Singapore9.30%−0.13 pp2025157Australia9.12%−0.06 pp2025158Latvia8.62%−0.09 pp2025
159France8.50%−0.07 pp2025160Iceland8.40%−0.06 pp2025
161Cyprus8.38%+0.31 pp2025
162Jordan7.86%−0.15 pp2025
163Austria7.85%−0.01 pp2025
164Hungary7.83%−0.17 pp2025
165Israel7.70%−0.09 pp2025
166Japan7.49%−0.15 pp2025
167Estonia7.09%−0.01 pp2025
168Luxembourg6.95%+0.02 pp2025
169Bulgaria6.92%−0.15 pp2025
170Sweden6.87%−0.07 pp2025
171Croatia6.35%−0.34 pp2025
172Belarus6.33%−0.16 pp2025
173Hong Kong SAR, China5.76%−0.08 pp2025
174Virgin Islands (U.S.)5.47%−0.01 pp2025
175Denmark5.40%−0.17 pp2025
176Russian Federation4.93%−0.08 pp2025
177Brunei Darussalam4.48%−0.10 pp2025
178Germany4.34%−0.03 pp2025179Channel Islands4.17%−0.06 pp2025
180Norway4.17%−0.07 pp2025
181Oman3.81%+0.01 pp2025
182United States3.81%−0.04 pp2025183Macao SAR, China3.33%−0.30 pp2025
184Kuwait2.40%+0.06 pp2025
185Saudi Arabia1.66%−0.04 pp2025
186United Arab Emirates1.50%−0.08 pp2025
187Bahrain0.75%−0.11 pp2025
188Qatar0.46%0.00 pp2025